topic #6 folien. polysemous verbs with light and concrete senses.
stschwarz
2024-02-09 21:41:00.904603
term paper draft
essai of a replication study of Mehl (2021): “What we talk about when we talk about corpus frequency: The example of polysemous verbs with light and concrete senses”.
init
“If onomasiological frequency measurements do indeed correlate with elicitation tests, potential impact would be immense. Researchers would be able to examine onomasiological frequencies in spoken corpora rather than performing elicitation tests. That possibility would facilitate cognitive research into languages and varieties around the world, without the necessity of in situ psycholinguistic testing, and would also encourage the creation of more spoken corpora.” (Mehl (2021) p.23)
method
following corpus was used to determine frequencies:
Q.1: Santa Barbara corpus of spoken American English, (UCSB et al. (2005))
the corpus data was downloaded from: https://www.linguistics.ucsb.edu/sites/secure.lsit.ucsb.edu.ling.d7/files/sitefiles/research/SBC/SBCorpus.zip
exploring scripts:
- 14015.concrete-abstract_HA.R: creates corpus of downloaded .zip
- sbc-postag.R: postags the corpus
- get-freq-df.R: first evaluation
- collexemes-01.R: 2nd evaluation script
corpus sample
## scb id text lfd light
## 2974 3 242 % I wanted it to be home made Q . 2974 0
## 65343 57 123 ... It's gonna get messed up. 65343 NA
## 9465 8 567 and then I didn't and I .. kept making like, 9465 1
## 67928 59 714 And he's really good at making out .. the budget. 67928 1
## 35078 30 612 ... God is continually .. building character. 35078 0
## 61913 53 604 and make the payroll, 61913 1
## 28500 24 25 .. Yeah. 28500 NA
## alt
## 2974 make
## 65343 a-other
## 9465 make
## 67928 make
## 35078 build
## 61913 make
## 28500 a-otherdistribution analysis
cf. (Mehl 2021, 11–14)
## make.ice.wr make.ice.sp take.ice.wr take.ice.sp give.ice.wr
## concrete 68 96 62 131 52
## light 321 353 85 79 167
## give.ice.sp take.sbc give.sbc make.sbc
## concrete 105 148 60 88
## light 227 462 249 475
absolute distribution of lemmas over corpora. ICE data from study.
relative distribution of lemmas over corpora.
semantic alternatives to make
- includes alternatives to /make/ that Mehl defined in his study
- all occurences are counted
- Mehl contrasted only these alternate occurences which:
“are defined as those verbs that occur in the corpus with the same concrete direct objects as make, (take, and give) and with a roughly equivalent meaning.” (cf. Mehl (2021) p.13)
## bring build carry create generate give make produce take
## all.objects 46 18 10 6 1 115 163 3 174
## all.conc.obj 12 1 2 1 29 55 50 12 1
## SLOT1 SLOT2 fS1 fS2 OBS EXP ASSOC COLL.STR.LOGL SIGNIF
## 137 finish afghan 13 2 2 0 attr 28.51461 *****
## 654 Filled cookie 1 6 1 0 attr 15.81813 ****
## 924 create Adam 13 1 1 0 attr 14.17394 ***
## 928 create rift 13 1 1 0 attr 14.17394 ***
## 930 record Simpsons 13 1 1 0 attr 14.17394 ***
## 1337 shovel food 1 34 1 0 attr 12.20185 ***
## 1338 Unsweeten food 1 34 1 0 attr 12.20185 ***
## 1476 filling stuff 1 46 1 0 attr 11.58948 ***
## 1518 create cause 13 2 1 0 attr 11.40296 ***
## 1519 create committee 13 2 1 0 attr 11.40296 ***
## 1520 create condition 13 2 1 0 attr 11.40296 ***
## 1784 bake bread 5 7 1 0 attr 10.48243 **
## 1862 roll tamale 8 5 1 0 attr 10.19627 **
## 2626 record trip 13 8 1 0 attr 8.15687 **
## 3307 record game 13 16 1 0 attr 6.71671 **2nd approach collexeme evaluation
## SLOT1 SLOT2 fS1 fS2 OBS EXP ASSOC COLL.STR.LOGL SIGNIF
## 1 take care 334 33 32 1.5 attr 190.790 *****
## 17 make decision 279 10 9 0.4 attr 52.401 *****
## 18 make difference 279 13 10 0.5 attr 51.581 *****
## 37 take trick 334 10 8 0.5 attr 39.521 *****
## 42 make sense 279 12 8 0.5 attr 37.292 *****
## 43 take shower 334 6 6 0.3 attr 36.973 *****
## 62 make fudge 279 7 6 0.3 attr 33.490 *****
## 74 take look 334 10 7 0.5 attr 31.217 *****
## 82 give sticker 173 4 4 0.1 attr 29.934 *****
## 91 make money 279 74 15 2.9 attr 28.180 *****
## 96 build garage 25 5 3 0.0 attr 27.645 *****
## 100 make copy 279 14 7 0.5 attr 26.835 *****
## 107 make budget 279 4 4 0.2 attr 26.075 *****
## 110 take advantage 334 6 5 0.3 attr 25.483 *****
## 117 build dam 25 7 3 0.0 attr 24.826 *****
## 120 take space 334 4 4 0.2 attr 24.626 *****
## 121 take while 334 4 4 0.2 attr 24.626 *****
## 130 make noise 279 7 5 0.3 attr 24.390 *****
## 133 take bite 334 10 6 0.5 attr 23.886 *****
## 141 take picture 334 20 8 0.9 attr 23.536 *****
## 149 give try 173 3 3 0.1 attr 22.433 *****
## 150 give lesson 173 6 4 0.1 attr 22.391 *****
## 155 take class 334 16 7 0.7 attr 22.062 *****
## 287 carry mission 12 5 2 0.0 attr 19.226 ****
## 289 make fun 279 10 5 0.4 attr 19.136 ****
## 290 give shot 173 8 4 0.2 attr 19.033 ****
## 295 bring art 56 8 3 0.1 attr 18.801 ****
## 305 give measure 173 4 3 0.1 attr 17.982 ****
## 306 bring bottle 56 9 3 0.1 attr 17.943 ****
## 318 give idea 173 39 7 0.9 attr 17.292 ****
## 319 build character 25 4 2 0.0 attr 17.291 ****
## 400 carry chair 12 8 2 0.0 attr 16.967 ****
## 426 produce champion 3 1 1 0.0 attr 15.948 ****
## 490 bring deer 56 3 2 0.0 attr 15.701 ****
## 499 make report 279 8 4 0.3 attr 15.296 ****
## 567 build plant 25 6 2 0.0 attr 15.210 ****
## 569 make connection 279 4 3 0.2 attr 15.125 ***
## 570 make sound 279 4 3 0.2 attr 15.125 ***
## 575 give headach 173 2 2 0.0 attr 14.944 ***
## 576 give permission 173 2 2 0.0 attr 14.944 ***
## 577 give sanity 173 2 2 0.0 attr 14.944 ***
## 641 create rift 6 1 1 0.0 attr 14.360 ***
## 677 take punishment 334 4 3 0.2 attr 14.056 ***
## 756 take break 334 14 5 0.6 attr 13.389 ***
## 757 take year 334 14 5 0.6 attr 13.389 ***
## 760 build building 25 9 2 0.0 attr 13.333 ***
## 825 give answer 173 7 3 0.2 attr 13.063 ***
## 826 give call 173 7 3 0.2 attr 13.063 ***
## 827 make dingo 279 2 2 0.1 attr 13.024 ***
## 828 make living 279 2 2 0.1 attr 13.024 ***
## 829 make loan 279 2 2 0.1 attr 13.024 ***
## 830 make mess 279 2 2 0.1 attr 13.024 ***
## 831 make mistake 279 2 2 0.1 attr 13.024 ***
## 832 make progress 279 2 2 0.1 attr 13.024 ***
## 833 make quilt 279 2 2 0.1 attr 13.024 ***
## 836 make tamale 279 5 3 0.2 attr 12.972 ***
## 842 carry baggage 12 1 1 0.0 attr 12.883 ***
## 862 carry sho 12 1 1 0.0 attr 12.883 ***
## 944 take cut 334 2 2 0.1 attr 12.301 ***
## 945 take nap 334 2 2 0.1 attr 12.301 ***
## 1004 take square 334 5 3 0.2 attr 11.919 ***
## 1044 create cause 6 2 1 0.0 attr 11.589 ***
## 1045 create committee 6 2 1 0.0 attr 11.589 ***
## 1046 create condition 6 2 1 0.0 attr 11.589 ***
## 1053 create stress 6 2 1 0.0 attr 11.589 ***
## 1066 make pizza 279 6 3 0.2 attr 11.462 ***
## 1081 generate power 1 24 1 0.0 attr 11.453 ***
## 1108 build cofferdam 25 1 1 0.0 attr 11.370 ***
## 1115 build nest 25 1 1 0.0 attr 11.370 ***
## 1116 build podium 25 1 1 0.0 attr 11.370 ***
## 1118 build towers 25 1 1 0.0 attr 11.370 ***
## 1150 bring gift 56 7 2 0.1 attr 11.204 ***
## 1153 give antibiotic 173 3 2 0.1 attr 11.173 ***
## 1154 give notice 173 3 2 0.1 attr 11.173 ***
## 1417 produce report 3 8 1 0.0 attr 9.924 **
## 1493 bring action 56 1 1 0.0 attr 9.734 **
## 1494 bring beauty 56 1 1 0.0 attr 9.734 **
## 1495 bring coupon 56 1 1 0.0 attr 9.734 **
## 1496 bring extinction 56 1 1 0.0 attr 9.734 **
## 1497 bring inspector 56 1 1 0.0 attr 9.734 **
## 1498 bring joy 56 1 1 0.0 attr 9.734 **
## 1499 bring politics 56 1 1 0.0 attr 9.734 **
## 1500 bring semiload 56 1 1 0.0 attr 9.734 **
## 1501 bring spikenard 56 1 1 0.0 attr 9.734 **
## 1546 give character 173 4 2 0.1 attr 9.495 **
## 1579 make statement 279 8 3 0.3 attr 9.351 **
## 1588 make arrangement 279 3 2 0.1 attr 9.283 **
## 1589 make cartilage 279 3 2 0.1 attr 9.283 **
## 1590 make ceviche 279 3 2 0.1 attr 9.283 **
## 1591 make comment 279 3 2 0.1 attr 9.283 **
## 1592 make humor 279 3 2 0.1 attr 9.283 **
## 1593 make pan 279 3 2 0.1 attr 9.283 **
## 1764 produce heat 3 14 1 0.0 attr 8.750 **
## 1798 build library 25 2 1 0.0 attr 8.604 **
## 1804 take off 334 3 2 0.1 attr 8.577 **
## 1805 take shelf 334 3 2 0.1 attr 8.577 **
## 1806 take top 334 3 2 0.1 attr 8.577 **
## 1807 take wire 334 3 2 0.1 attr 8.577 **
## 1827 give break 173 14 3 0.3 attr 8.410 **
## 1837 carry paperwork 12 4 1 0.0 attr 8.394 **
## 1850 give grace 173 5 2 0.1 attr 8.358 **
## 1851 give history 173 5 2 0.1 attr 8.358 **
## 1852 give scale 173 5 2 0.1 attr 8.358 **
## 1857 take trip 334 8 3 0.4 attr 8.346 **
## 1949 take lunch 334 24 5 1.1 attr 8.011 **
## 1976 give name 173 29 4 0.7 attr 7.853 **
## 2032 make turn 279 4 2 0.2 attr 7.635 **
## 2067 give backrub 173 1 1 0.0 attr 7.466 **
## 2068 give brushoff 173 1 1 0.0 attr 7.466 **
## 2069 give bump 173 1 1 0.0 attr 7.466 **
## 2070 give credit 173 1 1 0.0 attr 7.466 **
## 2071 give enzyme 173 1 1 0.0 attr 7.466 **
## 2072 give example 173 1 1 0.0 attr 7.466 **
## 2073 give extra 173 1 1 0.0 attr 7.466 **
## 2074 give focus 173 1 1 0.0 attr 7.466 **
## 2075 give herb 173 1 1 0.0 attr 7.466 **
## 2076 give highlight 173 1 1 0.0 attr 7.466 **
## 2077 give hug 173 1 1 0.0 attr 7.466 **
## 2078 give itinerary 173 1 1 0.0 attr 7.466 **
## 2079 give kiss 173 1 1 0.0 attr 7.466 **
## 2080 give orientation 173 1 1 0.0 attr 7.466 **
## 2081 give reward 173 1 1 0.0 attr 7.466 **
## 2082 give shift 173 1 1 0.0 attr 7.466 **
## 2083 give speech 173 1 1 0.0 attr 7.466 **
## 2084 give st 173 1 1 0.0 attr 7.466 **
## 2085 give survey 173 1 1 0.0 attr 7.466 **
## 2086 give sweet 173 1 1 0.0 attr 7.466 **
## 2087 give tasnks 173 1 1 0.0 attr 7.466 **
## 2088 give text 173 1 1 0.0 attr 7.466 **
## 2089 give toothpick 173 1 1 0.0 attr 7.466 **
## 2090 give twentyeight 173 1 1 0.0 attr 7.466 **
## 2123 make half 279 11 3 0.4 attr 7.280 **
## 2156 carry weight 12 7 1 0.0 attr 7.160 **
## 2190 bring camera 56 2 1 0.0 attr 6.977 **
## 2191 bring clam 56 2 1 0.0 attr 6.977 **
## 2192 bring disease 56 2 1 0.0 attr 6.977 **
## 2193 bring nega 56 2 1 0.0 attr 6.977 **
## 2194 bring paint 56 2 1 0.0 attr 6.977 **
## 2195 bring pastry 56 2 1 0.0 attr 6.977 **
## 2196 bring pie 56 2 1 0.0 attr 6.977 **
## 2197 bring queen 56 2 1 0.0 attr 6.977 **
## 2240 build step 25 4 1 0.0 attr 6.891 **
## 2346 bring fear 56 20 2 0.2 attr 6.773 **
## 2347 make choice 279 12 3 0.5 attr 6.753 **
## 2392 make appearance 279 1 1 0.0 attr 6.508 *
## 2393 make arena 279 1 1 0.0 attr 6.508 *
## 2394 make assumption 279 1 1 0.0 attr 6.508 *
## 2395 make attra 279 1 1 0.0 attr 6.508 *
## 2396 make bitter 279 1 1 0.0 attr 6.508 *
## 2397 make camper 279 1 1 0.0 attr 6.508 *
## 2398 make court 279 1 1 0.0 attr 6.508 *
## 2399 make database 279 1 1 0.0 attr 6.508 *
## 2400 make decaf 279 1 1 0.0 attr 6.508 *
## 2401 make discovery 279 1 1 0.0 attr 6.508 *
## 2402 make fuss 279 1 1 0.0 attr 6.508 *
## 2403 make gasp 279 1 1 0.0 attr 6.508 *
## 2404 make generality 279 1 1 0.0 attr 6.508 *
## 2405 make goody 279 1 1 0.0 attr 6.508 *
## 2406 make grape 279 1 1 0.0 attr 6.508 *
## 2407 make gravy 279 1 1 0.0 attr 6.508 *
## 2408 make guesstimate 279 1 1 0.0 attr 6.508 *
## 2409 make hei 279 1 1 0.0 attr 6.508 *
## 2410 make horseshoe 279 1 1 0.0 attr 6.508 *
## 2411 make intercession 279 1 1 0.0 attr 6.508 *
## 2412 make lame 279 1 1 0.0 attr 6.508 *
## 2413 make leap 279 1 1 0.0 attr 6.508 *
## 2414 make lo 279 1 1 0.0 attr 6.508 *
## 2415 make loaf 279 1 1 0.0 attr 6.508 *
## 2416 make mandatory 279 1 1 0.0 attr 6.508 *
## 2417 make motion 279 1 1 0.0 attr 6.508 *
## 2418 make nation 279 1 1 0.0 attr 6.508 *
## 2419 make remake 279 1 1 0.0 attr 6.508 *
## 2420 make scene 279 1 1 0.0 attr 6.508 *
## 2421 make statue 279 1 1 0.0 attr 6.508 *
## 2422 make steady 279 1 1 0.0 attr 6.508 *
## 2423 make sw 279 1 1 0.0 attr 6.508 *
## 2424 make swelling 279 1 1 0.0 attr 6.508 *
## 2425 make tart 279 1 1 0.0 attr 6.508 *
## 2426 make thous 279 1 1 0.0 attr 6.508 *
## 2427 make threat 279 1 1 0.0 attr 6.508 *
## 2428 make todo 279 1 1 0.0 attr 6.508 *
## 2429 make use 279 1 1 0.0 attr 6.508 *
## 2485 take rest 334 11 3 0.5 attr 6.322 *
## 2520 carry stone 12 11 1 0.0 attr 6.212 *
## 2542 take ahold 334 1 1 0.0 attr 6.148 *
## 2543 take al 334 1 1 0.0 attr 6.148 *
## 2544 take businessman 334 1 1 0.0 attr 6.148 *
## 2545 take capsule 334 1 1 0.0 attr 6.148 *
## 2546 take census 334 1 1 0.0 attr 6.148 *
## 2547 take charge 334 1 1 0.0 attr 6.148 *
## 2548 take Claire 334 1 1 0.0 attr 6.148 *
## 2549 take crust 334 1 1 0.0 attr 6.148 *
## 2550 take detour 334 1 1 0.0 attr 6.148 *
## 2551 take exray 334 1 1 0.0 attr 6.148 *
## 2552 take farmer 334 1 1 0.0 attr 6.148 *
## 2553 take Forbes 334 1 1 0.0 attr 6.148 *
## 2554 take fowl 334 1 1 0.0 attr 6.148 *
## 2555 take frost 334 1 1 0.0 attr 6.148 *
## 2556 take guitar 334 1 1 0.0 attr 6.148 *
## 2557 take hunk 334 1 1 0.0 attr 6.148 *
## 2558 take kilometer 334 1 1 0.0 attr 6.148 *
## 2559 take logical 334 1 1 0.0 attr 6.148 *
## 2560 take Lug 334 1 1 0.0 attr 6.148 *
## 2561 take negative 334 1 1 0.0 attr 6.148 *
## 2562 take NPh 334 1 1 0.0 attr 6.148 *
## 2563 take offering 334 1 1 0.0 attr 6.148 *
## 2564 take pickup 334 1 1 0.0 attr 6.148 *
## 2565 take plug 334 1 1 0.0 attr 6.148 *
## 2566 take rea 334 1 1 0.0 attr 6.148 *
## 2567 take row 334 1 1 0.0 attr 6.148 *
## 2568 take sEp 334 1 1 0.0 attr 6.148 *
## 2569 take silverware 334 1 1 0.0 attr 6.148 *
## 2570 take spacesuit 334 1 1 0.0 attr 6.148 *
## 2571 take stand 334 1 1 0.0 attr 6.148 *
## 2572 take stub 334 1 1 0.0 attr 6.148 *
## 2573 take theme 334 1 1 0.0 attr 6.148 *
## 2574 take torque 334 1 1 0.0 attr 6.148 *
## 2575 take train 334 1 1 0.0 attr 6.148 *
## 2576 take Tupperware 334 1 1 0.0 attr 6.148 *
## 2577 take Tylenol 334 1 1 0.0 attr 6.148 *
## 2598 take heart 334 20 4 0.9 attr 6.111 *
## 2617 build barn 25 6 1 0.0 attr 5.997 *
## 2618 build couple 25 6 1 0.0 attr 5.997 *
## 2632 bring bird 56 3 1 0.0 attr 5.946 *
## 2633 bring twothird 56 3 1 0.0 attr 5.946 *
## 2650 take passage 334 5 2 0.2 attr 5.854 *
## 2677 carry heat 12 14 1 0.0 attr 5.718 *
## 2679 make pasta 279 6 2 0.2 attr 5.699 *
## 2680 make seventy 279 6 2 0.2 attr 5.699 *
## 2704 give number 173 23 3 0.6 attr 5.577 *
## 2756 take balloon 334 13 3 0.6 attr 5.356 *
## 2757 take minute 334 13 3 0.6 attr 5.356 *
## 2761 give power 173 24 3 0.6 attr 5.352 *
## 2777 take time 334 84 9 3.9 attr 5.296 *
## 2778 bring roll 56 4 1 0.0 attr 5.282 *
## 2787 bring friend 56 30 2 0.2 attr 5.231 *
## 2809 build fence 25 9 1 0.0 attr 5.144 *
## 2826 make mile 279 7 2 0.3 attr 5.040 *
## 2845 carry bag 12 20 1 0.0 attr 5.001 *
## 2859 take bunch 334 14 3 0.6 attr 4.947 *
## 2860 give order 173 11 2 0.3 attr 4.945 *
## 2861 give trouble 173 11 2 0.3 attr 4.945 *
## 3018 bring application 56 5 1 0.0 attr 4.792 *
## 3019 bring drink 56 5 1 0.0 attr 4.792 *
## 3020 bring plate 56 5 1 0.0 attr 4.792 *
## 3029 give address 173 2 1 0.0 attr 4.742 *
## 3030 give basil 173 2 1 0.0 attr 4.742 *
## 3031 give community 173 2 1 0.0 attr 4.742 *
## 3032 give convenience 173 2 1 0.0 attr 4.742 *
## 3033 give homework 173 2 1 0.0 attr 4.742 *
## 3034 give horsis 173 2 1 0.0 attr 4.742 *
## 3035 give impression 173 2 1 0.0 attr 4.742 *
## 3036 give kick 173 2 1 0.0 attr 4.742 *
## 3037 give literature 173 2 1 0.0 attr 4.742 *
## 3038 give peace 173 2 1 0.0 attr 4.742 *
## 3039 give rite 173 2 1 0.0 attr 4.742 *
## 3040 give safety 173 2 1 0.0 attr 4.742 *
## 3041 give setting 173 2 1 0.0 attr 4.742 *
## 3042 give suggestion 173 2 1 0.0 attr 4.742 *
## 3043 give treatment 173 2 1 0.0 attr 4.742 *
## 3066 bring one 56 84 3 0.7 attr 4.629 *
## 3068 give tape 173 12 2 0.3 attr 4.611 *
## 3109 make trip 279 8 2 0.3 attr 4.496 *
## 3135 bring clothes 56 6 1 0.0 attr 4.404 *
## 3136 bring cookie 56 6 1 0.0 attr 4.404 *
## 3137 bring set 56 6 1 0.0 attr 4.404 *
## 3139 build part 25 13 1 0.0 attr 4.399 *
## 3155 give chance 173 13 2 0.3 attr 4.310 *
## 3173 give life 173 30 3 0.7 attr 4.219 *
## 3235 give cake 173 14 2 0.3 attr 4.037 *
## 3246 make picture 279 20 3 0.8 attr 3.966 *
## 3288 make cent 279 2 1 0.1 attr 3.814 ns
## 3289 make classic 279 2 1 0.1 attr 3.814 ns
## 3290 make fourthgrader 279 2 1 0.1 attr 3.814 ns
## 3291 make gay 279 2 1 0.1 attr 3.814 ns
## 3292 make improvement 279 2 1 0.1 attr 3.814 ns
## 3293 make kebab 279 2 1 0.1 attr 3.814 ns
## 3294 make measurement 279 2 1 0.1 attr 3.814 ns
## 3295 make move 279 2 1 0.1 attr 3.814 ns
## 3296 make ride 279 2 1 0.1 attr 3.814 ns
## 3297 make selection 279 2 1 0.1 attr 3.814 ns
## 3298 make spatula 279 2 1 0.1 attr 3.814 ns
## 3299 make string 279 2 1 0.1 attr 3.814 ns
## 3300 bring cart 56 8 1 0.1 attr 3.813 ns
## 3316 build h 25 18 1 0.1 attr 3.759 ns
## 3318 give candy 173 3 1 0.1 attr 3.744 ns
## 3319 give hint 173 3 1 0.1 attr 3.744 ns
## 3320 give interview 173 3 1 0.1 attr 3.744 ns
## 3321 give quota 173 3 1 0.1 attr 3.744 ns
## 3322 give vision 173 3 1 0.1 attr 3.744 ns
## 3376 make point 279 22 3 0.9 attr 3.505 ns
## 3383 take ac 334 2 1 0.1 attr 3.470 ns
## 3384 take band 334 2 1 0.1 attr 3.470 ns
## 3385 take bath 334 2 1 0.1 attr 3.470 ns
## 3386 take blanket 334 2 1 0.1 attr 3.470 ns
## 3387 take clipping 334 2 1 0.1 attr 3.470 ns
## 3388 take couch 334 2 1 0.1 attr 3.470 ns
## 3389 take crown 334 2 1 0.1 attr 3.470 ns
## 3390 take cyst 334 2 1 0.1 attr 3.470 ns
## 3391 take drive 334 2 1 0.1 attr 3.470 ns
## 3392 take end_table 334 2 1 0.1 attr 3.470 ns
## 3393 take grip 334 2 1 0.1 attr 3.470 ns
## 3394 take knife 334 2 1 0.1 attr 3.470 ns
## 3395 take measurement 334 2 1 0.1 attr 3.470 ns
## 3396 take medicine 334 2 1 0.1 attr 3.470 ns
## 3397 take period 334 2 1 0.1 attr 3.470 ns
## 3398 take queen 334 2 1 0.1 attr 3.470 ns
## 3399 take sweater 334 2 1 0.1 attr 3.470 ns
## 3400 take tablecloth 334 2 1 0.1 attr 3.470 ns
## 3649 bring information 56 10 1 0.1 attr 3.371 ns
## 3656 give check 173 17 2 0.4 attr 3.350 ns
## 3712 bring order 56 11 1 0.1 attr 3.186 ns
## 3729 take bag 334 20 3 0.9 attr 3.152 ns
## 3731 take car 334 32 4 1.5 attr 3.142 ns
## 3737 give lift 173 4 1 0.1 attr 3.113 ns
## 3763 make deal 279 12 2 0.5 attr 2.994 ns
## 3794 make center 279 3 1 0.1 attr 2.846 ns
## 3795 make deduction 279 3 1 0.1 attr 2.846 ns
## 3796 make pillow 279 3 1 0.1 attr 2.846 ns
## 3797 make regular 279 3 1 0.1 attr 2.846 ns
## 3798 make sandwich 279 3 1 0.1 attr 2.846 ns
## 3822 bring cake 56 14 1 0.1 attr 2.729 ns
## 3823 bring world 56 14 1 0.1 attr 2.729 ns
## 3824 take point 334 22 3 1.0 attr 2.724 ns
## 3827 take half 334 11 2 0.5 attr 2.719 ns
## 3828 take order 334 11 2 0.5 attr 2.719 ns
## 3838 give calory 173 5 1 0.1 attr 2.655 ns
## 3839 give cover 173 5 1 0.1 attr 2.655 ns
## 3840 give drink 173 5 1 0.1 attr 2.655 ns
## 3841 give mission 173 5 1 0.1 attr 2.655 ns
## 3842 give ornament 173 5 1 0.1 attr 2.655 ns
## 3843 give pair 173 5 1 0.1 attr 2.655 ns
## 3844 give pass 173 5 1 0.1 attr 2.655 ns
## 3855 bring air 56 15 1 0.1 attr 2.601 ns
## 3883 take algebra 334 3 1 0.1 attr 2.518 ns
## 3884 take checkbook 334 3 1 0.1 attr 2.518 ns
## 3885 take deduction 334 3 1 0.1 attr 2.518 ns
## 3886 take drug 334 3 1 0.1 attr 2.518 ns
## 3887 take nail 334 3 1 0.1 attr 2.518 ns
## 3888 take opportunity 334 3 1 0.1 attr 2.518 ns
## 3889 take risk 334 3 1 0.1 attr 2.518 ns
## 3890 take touch 334 3 1 0.1 attr 2.518 ns
## 3891 take tr 334 3 1 0.1 attr 2.518 ns
## 3892 take week 334 3 1 0.1 attr 2.518 ns
## 3906 take amount 334 12 2 0.6 attr 2.431 ns
## 3916 create thing 6 165 1 0.1 attr 2.385 ns
## 3917 bring light 56 17 1 0.1 attr 2.373 ns
## 3918 build water 25 38 1 0.1 attr 2.369 ns
## 3931 give back 173 6 1 0.1 attr 2.301 ns
## 3932 give clothes 173 6 1 0.1 attr 2.301 ns
## 3933 give juice 173 6 1 0.1 attr 2.301 ns
## 3934 give m 173 6 1 0.1 attr 2.301 ns
## 3935 give pepper 173 6 1 0.1 attr 2.301 ns
## 3936 give set 173 6 1 0.1 attr 2.301 ns
## 3994 bring h 56 18 1 0.1 attr 2.271 ns
## 4000 make change 279 4 1 0.2 attr 2.246 ns
## 4001 make issue 279 4 1 0.2 attr 2.246 ns
## 4002 make judge 279 4 1 0.2 attr 2.246 ns
## 4003 make marriage 279 4 1 0.2 attr 2.246 ns
## 4004 make outfit 279 4 1 0.2 attr 2.246 ns
## 4005 make wiper 279 4 1 0.2 attr 2.246 ns
## 4020 take chance 334 13 2 0.6 attr 2.177 ns
## 4021 take day 334 13 2 0.6 attr 2.177 ns
## 4022 take note 334 13 2 0.6 attr 2.177 ns
## 4025 make life 279 30 3 1.2 attr 2.152 ns
## 4060 carry lot 12 98 1 0.2 attr 2.022 ns
## 4065 give down 173 7 1 0.2 attr 2.015 ns
## 4066 give reason 173 7 1 0.2 attr 2.015 ns
## 4070 give card 173 26 2 0.6 attr 1.996 ns
## 4077 take fall 334 4 1 0.2 attr 1.933 ns
## 4078 take pants 334 4 1 0.2 attr 1.933 ns
## 4079 take pill 334 4 1 0.2 attr 1.933 ns
## 4080 take pony 334 4 1 0.2 attr 1.933 ns
## 4081 take position 334 4 1 0.2 attr 1.933 ns
## 4082 take record 334 4 1 0.2 attr 1.933 ns
## 4083 take rock 334 4 1 0.2 attr 1.933 ns
## 4084 take step 334 4 1 0.2 attr 1.933 ns
## 4085 take turn 334 4 1 0.2 attr 1.933 ns
## 4094 take place 334 27 3 1.3 attr 1.883 ns
## 4100 bring form 56 23 1 0.2 attr 1.845 ns
## 4106 make application 279 5 1 0.2 attr 1.819 ns
## 4107 make ornament 279 5 1 0.2 attr 1.819 ns
## 4108 make P 279 5 1 0.2 attr 1.819 ns
## 4109 make papers 279 5 1 0.2 attr 1.819 ns
## 4110 make pass 279 5 1 0.2 attr 1.819 ns
## 4111 make payroll 279 5 1 0.2 attr 1.819 ns
## 4112 make plate 279 5 1 0.2 attr 1.819 ns
## 4113 make schedule 279 5 1 0.2 attr 1.819 ns
## 4114 make servants 279 5 1 0.2 attr 1.819 ns
## 4115 make square 279 5 1 0.2 attr 1.819 ns
## 4158 give time 173 84 4 2.0 attr 1.588 ns
## 4160 give machine 173 9 1 0.2 attr 1.574 ns
## 4161 give shit 173 9 1 0.2 attr 1.574 ns
## 4162 give ticket 173 9 1 0.2 attr 1.574 ns
## 4168 take b 334 5 1 0.2 attr 1.522 ns
## 4169 take calory 334 5 1 0.2 attr 1.522 ns
## 4170 take can 334 5 1 0.2 attr 1.522 ns
## 4171 take diary 334 5 1 0.2 attr 1.522 ns
## 4172 take interest 334 5 1 0.2 attr 1.522 ns
## 4173 take message 334 5 1 0.2 attr 1.522 ns
## 4174 take pass 334 5 1 0.2 attr 1.522 ns
## 4185 make basket 279 6 1 0.2 attr 1.495 ns
## 4186 make clothes 279 6 1 0.2 attr 1.495 ns
## 4187 make clue 279 6 1 0.2 attr 1.495 ns
## 4188 make cookie 279 6 1 0.2 attr 1.495 ns
## 4189 make hay 279 6 1 0.2 attr 1.495 ns
## 4190 make juice 279 6 1 0.2 attr 1.495 ns
## 4191 make Mrc 279 6 1 0.2 attr 1.495 ns
## 4192 make s 279 6 1 0.2 attr 1.495 ns
## 4193 make sauce 279 6 1 0.2 attr 1.495 ns
## 4194 make tail 279 6 1 0.2 attr 1.495 ns
## 4195 make throw 279 6 1 0.2 attr 1.495 ns
## 4243 give goldfish 173 10 1 0.2 attr 1.399 ns
## 4244 give information 173 10 1 0.2 attr 1.399 ns
## 4274 take job 334 32 3 1.5 attr 1.280 ns
## 4277 give bit 173 34 2 0.8 attr 1.271 ns
## 4281 give child 173 11 1 0.3 attr 1.247 ns
## 4282 give rest 173 11 1 0.3 attr 1.247 ns
## 4286 make call 279 7 1 0.3 attr 1.239 ns
## 4287 make dam 279 7 1 0.3 attr 1.239 ns
## 4288 make mind 279 7 1 0.3 attr 1.239 ns
## 4291 bring food 56 34 1 0.3 attr 1.218 ns
## 4292 take back 334 6 1 0.3 attr 1.214 ns
## 4293 take breath 334 6 1 0.3 attr 1.214 ns
## 4294 take cab 334 6 1 0.3 attr 1.214 ns
## 4295 take control 334 6 1 0.3 attr 1.214 ns
## 4296 take insulin 334 6 1 0.3 attr 1.214 ns
## 4297 take liquid 334 6 1 0.3 attr 1.214 ns
## 4298 take set 334 6 1 0.3 attr 1.214 ns
## 4299 take test 334 6 1 0.3 attr 1.214 ns
## 4300 take VOX 334 6 1 0.3 attr 1.214 ns
## 4328 give amount 173 12 1 0.3 attr 1.114 ns
## 4329 give cup 173 12 1 0.3 attr 1.114 ns
## 4344 build way 25 86 1 0.3 attr 1.043 ns
## 4426 make salad 279 8 1 0.3 attr 1.031 ns
## 4427 make tap 279 8 1 0.3 attr 1.031 ns
## 4428 make ton 279 8 1 0.3 attr 1.031 ns
## 4429 make Vox 279 8 1 0.3 attr 1.031 ns
## 4436 take q 334 35 3 1.6 attr 1.000 ns
## 4444 take answer 334 7 1 0.3 attr 0.974 ns
## 4445 take gift 334 7 1 0.3 attr 0.974 ns
## 4446 take month 334 7 1 0.3 attr 0.974 ns
## 4447 take type 334 7 1 0.3 attr 0.974 ns
## 4448 take woodwork 334 7 1 0.3 attr 0.974 ns
## 4482 give word 173 14 1 0.3 attr 0.890 ns
## 4483 give year 173 14 1 0.3 attr 0.890 ns
## 4484 make f 279 9 1 0.3 attr 0.859 ns
## 4485 make line 279 9 1 0.3 attr 0.859 ns
## 4486 make shirt 279 9 1 0.3 attr 0.859 ns
## 4489 make kind 279 44 3 1.7 attr 0.852 ns
## 4507 take cart 334 8 1 0.4 attr 0.782 ns
## 4508 take pound 334 8 1 0.4 attr 0.782 ns
## 4509 take shot 334 8 1 0.4 attr 0.782 ns
## 4528 take water 334 38 3 1.8 attr 0.768 ns
## 4540 give kind 173 44 2 1.1 attr 0.694 ns
## 4541 take form 334 23 2 1.1 attr 0.694 ns
## 4548 take responsibility 334 9 1 0.4 attr 0.626 ns
## 4549 take t 334 9 1 0.4 attr 0.626 ns
## 4550 take ticket 334 9 1 0.4 attr 0.626 ns
## 4576 take foot 334 24 2 1.1 attr 0.610 ns
## 4581 make work 279 29 2 1.1 attr 0.587 ns
## 4595 bring dollar 56 57 1 0.4 attr 0.527 ns
## 4596 make friend 279 30 2 1.2 attr 0.526 ns
## 4600 take account 334 10 1 0.5 attr 0.498 ns
## 4601 take painting 334 10 1 0.5 attr 0.498 ns
## 4603 make buck 279 12 1 0.5 attr 0.490 ns
## 4604 make recipe 279 12 1 0.5 attr 0.490 ns
## 4605 make sign 279 12 1 0.5 attr 0.490 ns
## 4606 make tape 279 12 1 0.5 attr 0.490 ns
## 4622 give picture 173 20 1 0.5 attr 0.444 ns
## 4626 make balloon 279 13 1 0.5 attr 0.402 ns
## 4627 make case 279 13 1 0.5 attr 0.402 ns
## 4628 make note 279 13 1 0.5 attr 0.402 ns
## 4629 take ball 334 11 1 0.5 attr 0.392 ns
## 4630 take percent 334 11 1 0.5 attr 0.392 ns
## 4631 take tree 334 11 1 0.5 attr 0.392 ns
## 4691 give point 173 22 1 0.5 attr 0.346 ns
## 4694 make break 279 14 1 0.5 attr 0.326 ns
## 4696 make food 279 34 2 1.3 attr 0.323 ns
## 4703 take buck 334 12 1 0.6 attr 0.305 ns
## 4704 take deal 334 12 1 0.6 attr 0.305 ns
## 4705 take tape 334 12 1 0.6 attr 0.305 ns
## 4706 give story 173 23 1 0.6 attr 0.303 ns
## 4712 make q 279 35 2 1.4 attr 0.283 ns
## 4713 take uh 334 66 4 3.1 attr 0.282 ns
## 4718 bring money 56 74 1 0.6 attr 0.263 ns
## 4733 take paper 334 13 1 0.6 attr 0.232 ns
## 4734 take part 334 13 1 0.6 attr 0.232 ns
## 4735 take root 334 13 1 0.6 attr 0.232 ns
## 4742 make class 279 16 1 0.6 attr 0.208 ns
## 4751 make horse 279 38 2 1.5 attr 0.180 ns
## 4753 take word 334 14 1 0.6 attr 0.173 ns
## 4756 make eye 279 17 1 0.7 attr 0.161 ns
## 4757 make light 279 17 1 0.7 attr 0.161 ns
## 4772 take air 334 15 1 0.7 attr 0.125 ns
## 4773 take egg 334 15 1 0.7 attr 0.125 ns
## 4775 make X 279 18 1 0.7 attr 0.122 ns
## 4776 give problem 173 29 1 0.7 attr 0.121 ns
## 4806 give uh 173 66 2 1.6 attr 0.105 ns
## 4807 give p 173 30 1 0.7 attr 0.101 ns
## 4809 take money 334 74 4 3.4 attr 0.097 ns
## 4818 give car 173 32 1 0.8 attr 0.066 ns
## 4831 take lot 334 98 5 4.5 attr 0.049 ns
## 4839 take X 334 18 1 0.8 attr 0.033 ns
## 4840 give q 173 35 1 0.8 attr 0.030 ns
## 4841 give money 173 74 2 1.8 attr 0.028 ns
## 4853 take baby 334 19 1 0.9 attr 0.017 ns
## 4854 make story 279 23 1 0.9 attr 0.014 ns
## 4878 make foot 279 24 1 0.9 attr 0.006 ns
## 4881 take one 334 84 4 3.9 attr 0.003 ns
## 4888 take um 334 21 1 1.0 attr 0.001 ns
## 4893 take Hx 334 22 1 1.0 rep 0.000 ns
## 4921 make man 279 29 1 1.1 rep 0.014 ns
## 4931 make dollar 279 57 2 2.2 rep 0.021 ns
## 4932 make thing 279 165 6 6.4 rep 0.025 ns
## 4945 make car 279 32 1 1.2 rep 0.051 ns
## 4946 make house 279 32 1 1.2 rep 0.051 ns
## 4947 give lot 173 98 2 2.4 rep 0.057 ns
## 4949 bring thing 56 165 1 1.3 rep 0.069 ns
## 4951 take hand 334 28 1 1.3 rep 0.077 ns
## 4962 make bit 279 34 1 1.3 rep 0.086 ns
## 4965 take work 334 29 1 1.3 rep 0.101 ns
## 4967 give dollar 173 57 1 1.4 rep 0.112 ns
## 4979 take dollar 334 57 2 2.6 rep 0.178 ns
## 4995 give people 173 64 1 1.5 rep 0.219 ns
## 5013 make stuff 279 46 1 1.8 rep 0.422 ns
## 5016 take idea 334 39 1 1.8 rep 0.449 ns
## 5024 take kid 334 43 1 2.0 rep 0.632 ns
## 5037 take question 334 47 1 2.2 rep 0.832 ns
## 5046 make lot 279 98 2 3.8 rep 1.070 ns
## 5047 take guy 334 52 1 2.4 rep 1.104 ns
## 5053 make uh 279 66 1 2.6 rep 1.278 ns
## 5067 make one 279 84 1 3.2 rep 2.223 ns
## 5068 make time 279 84 1 3.2 rep 2.223 ns
## 5070 make way 279 86 1 3.3 rep 2.334 ns
## 5080 take thing 334 165 3 7.6 rep 3.876 *
semasiological: T-score of near synonymes to make
semasiological: T-score of near synonymes to take
semasiological: p of near synonymes to make
semasiological: p of near synonymes to take
B: references
Mehl, Seth. 2021. “What We Talk about When We Talk about Corpus
Frequency: The Example of Polysemous Verbs with Light and
Concrete Senses.” Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic
Theory 17 (1): 223–47. https://doi.org/10.1515/cllt-2017-0039.
UCSB, John W. DuBois, L. Chafe Wallace, Charles Meyer, Sandra A.
Thompson, Robert Englebretson, and Nii Martey. 2005. “Santa
Barbara Corpus of Spoken
American English
Department of Linguistics - UC
Santa Barbara.” SBC. https://www.linguistics.ucsb.edu/research/santa-barbara-corpus.